Dynamics of Spread and Optimization of Diagnosis of Cucumber Mosaic Virus in Cucurbitaceae Agroecosystems in Ukraine
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15407/Keywords:
plant viruses, CMV, Cucurbitaceae, viral antigens, biological safetyAbstract
Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) is one of the most widespread and economically significant phytopathogens in the world, characterized by a wide range of damage to both vegetable and other taxonomic groups of plants. This research highlights the epidemiological characteristics of CMV in Ukraine and analyzes its pathogenic impact on domestic agrocenoses. Aim. To determine the characteristics of the spread and improve methods for diagnosing cucumber mosaic virus in vegetable crops in Ukraine. Methods. The methods used in the study included visual diagnostics, indirect and sandwich modifications of immunoenzymatic analysis, electron microscopy, and statistical data processing. Results. Visual monitoring revealed a number of symptoms of viral etiology on affected plants, including necrosis, chlorosis, and yellow-green and dark green interveinal mosaic. Ring-shaped spots and deformations were observed on the fruits. To establish the morphological properties of the pathogen, a study was conducted using electron microscopy. As a result, spherical virions with an average diameter of 29 nm were identified, which corresponds to the characteristics of CMV described in the literature. Five years of monitoring of Ukrainian agrocenoses confirmed the active circulation of CMV in vegetable crops, manifested by high titers of the pathogen in infected plants and caused by the characteristics of its transmission. Purified viruses were used to obtain polyclonal antiviral sera against CMV. The working dilution for the isolate from the Kyiv region at a titer of 1:512000 was 1:4000, and for the isolate from the Odesa region at a titer of 1:256000 – 1:8000. Conclusions. Many years of research have confirmed the active circulation of CMV in vegetable crops in Ukraine. Typical symptoms of infection and morphological parameters of viral particles have been established. The polyclonal antiserums obtained are an effective diagnostic tool and can be used to monitor and control the spread of the pathogen.
Downloads
References
Berniak, H., Malinowski, T., & Kamińska, M. (2009). Comparison of ELISA and RT-PCR assays for detection and identification of cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) isolates infecting horticultural crops in Poland. Journal of Fruit and Ornamental Plant Research, 17(2), 5-20.
Crowther, J. R. (1995). ELISA: Theory and practice. Methods in Molecular Biology, 42, 1-218.
Desbiez, C., Wipf-Scheibel, C., Millot, P., Berthier, K., Girardot, G., Gognalons, P., & Verdin, E. (2020). Distribution and evolution of the major viruses infecting cucurbitaceous and solanaceous crops in the French Mediterranean area. Virus Research, 286, 198042. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.virusres.2020.198042
Kanapiya, A., Amanbayeva, U., Tulegenova, Z., Abash, A., Zhangazin, S., Dyussembayev, K., & Mukiyanova, G. (2024). Recent advances and challenges in plant viral diagnostics. Frontiers in Plant Science, 15, 1451790. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2024.1451790
Kyrychenko, A., Snihur, H., Shevchenko, T., Shcherbatenko, I., & Kovalenko, O. (2023). Cucumber mosaic virus and turnip mosaic virus occurrence in garlic mustard in Ukraine. Biologia Plantarum, 67(1), 67-74. https://doi.org/10.32615/bp.2023.006
Li, N., Yu, C., Yin, Y., Gao, S., Wang, F., Jiao, C., & Yao, M. (2020). Pepper crop improvement against Cucumber Mosaic Virus (CMV): A review. Frontiers in Plant Science. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2020.598798
Lopez-Martin, M., Sifres, A., Gomez-Guillamon, M. L., Pico, B., & Perez-de-Castro, A. (2024). Incidence and genetic diversity of cucurbit viruses in the Spanish Mediterranean area. Plant Pathology, 73(2), 431-443. https://doi.org/10.1111/ppa.13825
Ma, L., Wang, Q., Zheng, Y., Guo, J., Yuan, S., Fu, A., & Wen, C. (2022). Cucurbitaceae genome evolution, gene function, and molecular breeding. Horticulture Research, 9, uhab057. https://doi.org/10.1093/hr/uhab057
Mehetre, G. T., Leo, V. V., Singh, G., Sorokan, A., Maksimov, I., Yadav, M. K., & Singh, B. P. (2021). Current developments and challenges in plant viral diagnostics: A systematic review. Viruses, 13(3), 412. https://doi.org/10.3390/v13030412
Richert-Pöggeler, K. R., Franzke, K., Hipp, K., & Kleespies, R. G. (2019). Electron microscopy methods for virus diagnosis and high resolution analysis of viruses. Frontiers in Microbiology, 9, 3255. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2018.03255
Roossinck, M. J. (2015). Plants, viruses and the environment: Ecology and mutualism. Virology, 479-480, 271-277. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.virol.2015.03.041
Rubio, L., Galipienso, L., & Ferriol, I. (2020). Detection of plant viruses and disease management: Relevance of genetic diversity and evolution. Frontiers in Plant Science, 11, 1092. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2020.01092
Sanchez-Tovar, R., Perez-Padilla, J., Hernandez-Gonzalez, L., et al. (2025). Mixed infections in plants: Synergistic and antagonistic effects dependent on timing and order of inoculation. Agronomy, 15(3), 620. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy15030620
Scott, H. A. (1968). Serological behavior of cucumber mosaic virus (strain Y) and the virus protein. Virology, 36(1), 105-112. https://doi.org/10.1016/0042-6822(68)90010-X
Shevchenko, O., Shevchenko, T., Snihur, H., & Budzanivska, I. (2021). Epidemiological patterns, prevalence and seasonal dynamics of different viruses in susceptible cucurbit crops. Agriculture and Forestry, 67(1), 73-82. https://doi.org/10.17707/AgricultForest.67.1.06
Shevchenko, T., Bederak, R., Taher, K., Snihur, H., & Shevchenko, O. (2022). Mixed viral infections in vegetables in Ukraine. Bulletin of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv. Biology, 3, 26-29. https://doi.org/10.17721/1728.2748.2022.90.26-29
Shang, J., Feng, H., Wang, Y., Wang, Y., Zhang, X., & Zhang, Z. (2024). Preparation and application of polyclonal antibodies for the rapid detection of Actinidia chlorotic ringspot-associated virus. Viruses, 16(10), 1600. https://doi.org/10.3390/v16101600
Taher, K., Snihur, H., & Shevchenko, T. (2024). First report of cucumber mosaic virus infecting Allium sativum L. in Ukraine. Journal of Plant Pathology, 106, 747. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42161-023-01566-z
Tomlinson, J. A., Carter, A. L., Faithfull, E. M., & Webb, M. J. W. (1973). Purification and serology of the W strain of cucumber mosaic virus. Annals of Applied Biology, 74(3), 289-297. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-7348.1973.tb07737.x
Tsvigun, V. O., Levishko, A. S., & Gumeniuk, I. I. (2024a). Monitoring of viral infections in vegetable crops in agroecosystems of Ukraine. Mikrobiolohichnyi Zhurnal, 86(5), 87-101. https://doi.org/10.15407/microbiolj86.05.087
Tsvihun, V. O., Gumeniuk, I. I., & Levishko, A. S. (2024b). Monitoring and phylogenetic analysis of cucumber mosaic virus isolates from Cucurbitaceae plants in Ukraine. Biopolymers and Cell, 40(4), 278-287. https://doi.org/10.7124/bc.000B06
Tsvihun, V., Levishko, A., Gumeniuk, I., & Sherstoboeva, O. (2025). Monitoring and diagnostics of viral infections of Cucurbitaceae plants in Ukraine. Karantyn i zakhyst roslyn, 4(283), 8-138. https://doi.org/10.36495/2312-0614.2025.4.8-13
Wang, Y. M., Ostendorf, B., Gautam, D., Habili, N., & Pagay, V. (2022). Plant viral disease detection: From molecular diagnosis to optical sensing technology-A multidisciplinary review. Remote Sensing, 14(7), 1542. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14071542
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Mikrobiolohichnyi Zhurnal
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
